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271 lines
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ReStructuredText
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Guide: Enabling 5G SUCI
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=======================
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SUPI/SUCI Concealment is a feature of 5G-Standalone (SA) to encrypt the
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IMSI/SUPI with a network operator public key. 3GPP Specifies two different
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variants for this:
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* SUCI calculation *in the UE*, using key data from the SIM
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* SUCI calculation *on the card itself*
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pySim supports writing the 5G-specific files for *SUCI calculation in the UE* on USIM cards, assuming
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that your cards contain the required files, and you have the privileges/credentials to write to them.
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This is the case using sysmocom sysmoISIM-SJA2 or any flavor of sysmoISIM-SJA5.
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There is no 3GPP/ETSI standard method for configuring *SUCI calculation on the card*; pySim currently
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supports the vendor-specific method for the sysmoISIM-SJA5-S17).
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This document describes both methods.
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Technical References
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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This guide covers the basic workflow of provisioning SIM cards with the 5G SUCI feature. For detailed information on the SUCI feature and file contents, the following documents are helpful:
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* USIM files and structure: `3GPP TS 31.102 <https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/131100_131199/131102/16.06.00_60/ts_131102v160600p.pdf>`__
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* USIM tests (incl. file content examples): `3GPP TS 31.121 <https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/131100_131199/131121/16.01.00_60/ts_131121v160100p.pdf>`__
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* Test keys for SUCI calculation: `3GPP TS 33.501 <https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/133500_133599/133501/16.05.00_60/ts_133501v160500p.pdf>`__
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For specific information on sysmocom SIM cards, refer to
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* the `sysmoISIM-SJA5 User Manual <https://sysmocom.de/manuals/sysmoisim-sja5-manual.pdf>`__ for the current
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sysmoISIM-SJA5 product
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* the `sysmoISIM-SJA2 User Manual <https://sysmocom.de/manuals/sysmousim-manual.pdf>`__ for the older
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sysmoISIM-SJA2 product
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--------------
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Enabling 5G SUCI *calculated in the UE*
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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In short, you can enable *SUCI calculation in the UE* with these steps:
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* activate USIM **Service 124**
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* make sure USIM **Service 125** is disabled
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* store the public keys in **EF.SUCI_Calc_Info**
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* set the **Routing Indicator** (required)
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If you want to disable the feature, you can just disable USIM Service 124 (and 125) in `EF.UST`.
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Admin PIN
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---------
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The usual way to authenticate yourself to the card as the cellular
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operator is to validate the so-called ADM1 (admin) PIN. This may differ
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from card model/vendor to card model/vendor.
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Start pySIM-shell and enter the admin PIN for your card. If you bought
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the SIM card from your network operator and don’t have the admin PIN,
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you cannot change SIM contents!
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Launch pySIM:
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::
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$ ./pySim-shell.py -p 0
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Using PC/SC reader interface
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Autodetected card type: sysmoISIM-SJA2
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Welcome to pySim-shell!
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)>
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Enter the ADM PIN:
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> verify_adm XXXXXXXX
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Otherwise, write commands will fail with ``SW Mismatch: Expected 9000 and got 6982.``
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Key Provisioning
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----------------
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select MF
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select ADF.USIM
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM)> select DF.5GS
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS)> select EF.SUCI_Calc_Info
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By default, the file is present but empty:
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS/EF.SUCI_Calc_Info)> read_binary_decoded
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missing Protection Scheme Identifier List data object tag
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9000: ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff -> {}
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The following JSON config defines the testfile from 3GPP TS 31.121, Section 4.9.4 with
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test keys from 3GPP TS 33.501, Annex C.4. Highest priority (``0``) has a
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Profile-B (``identifier: 2``) key in key slot ``1``, which means the key
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with ``hnet_pubkey_identifier: 27``.
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.. code:: json
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{
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"prot_scheme_id_list": [
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{"priority": 0, "identifier": 2, "key_index": 1},
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{"priority": 1, "identifier": 1, "key_index": 2},
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{"priority": 2, "identifier": 0, "key_index": 0}],
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"hnet_pubkey_list": [
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{"hnet_pubkey_identifier": 27,
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"hnet_pubkey": "0472DA71976234CE833A6907425867B82E074D44EF907DFB4B3E21C1C2256EBCD15A7DED52FCBB097A4ED250E036C7B9C8C7004C4EEDC4F068CD7BF8D3F900E3B4"},
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{"hnet_pubkey_identifier": 30,
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"hnet_pubkey": "5A8D38864820197C3394B92613B20B91633CBD897119273BF8E4A6F4EEC0A650"}]
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}
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Write the config to file (must be single-line input as for now):
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS/EF.SUCI_Calc_Info)> update_binary_decoded '{ "prot_scheme_id_list": [ {"priority": 0, "identifier": 2, "key_index": 1}, {"priority": 1, "identifier": 1, "key_index": 2}, {"priority": 2, "identifier": 0, "key_index": 0}], "hnet_pubkey_list": [ {"hnet_pubkey_identifier": 27, "hnet_pubkey": "0472DA71976234CE833A6907425867B82E074D44EF907DFB4B3E21C1C2256EBCD15A7DED52FCBB097A4ED250E036C7B9C8C7004C4EEDC4F068CD7BF8D3F900E3B4"}, {"hnet_pubkey_identifier": 30, "hnet_pubkey": "5A8D38864820197C3394B92613B20B91633CBD897119273BF8E4A6F4EEC0A650"}]}'
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WARNING: These are TEST KEYS with publicly known/specified private keys, and hence unsafe for live/secure
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deployments! For use in production networks, you need to generate your own set[s] of keys.
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Routing Indicator
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-----------------
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The Routing Indicator must be present for the SUCI feature. By default,
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the contents of the file is **invalid** (ffffffff):
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select MF
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select ADF.USIM
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM)> select DF.5GS
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS)> select EF.Routing_Indicator
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS/EF.Routing_Indicator)> read_binary_decoded
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9000: ffffffff -> {'raw': 'ffffffff'}
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The Routing Indicator is a four-byte file but the actual Routing
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Indicator goes into bytes 0 and 1 (the other bytes are reserved). To set
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the Routing Indicator to 0x71:
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.5GS/EF.Routing_Indicator)> update_binary 17ffffff
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You can also set the routing indicator to **0x0**, which is *valid* and
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means “routing indicator not specified”, leaving it to the modem.
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USIM Service Table
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------------------
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First, check out the USIM Service Table (UST):
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select MF
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select ADF.USIM
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM)> select EF.UST
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> read_binary_decoded
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9000: beff9f9de73e0408400170730000002e00000000 -> [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 27, 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 38, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 51, 60, 71, 73, 85, 86, 87, 89, 90, 93, 94, 95, 122, 123, 124, 126]
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.. list-table:: From 3GPP TS 31.102
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:widths: 15 40
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:header-rows: 1
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* - Service No.
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- Description
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* - 122
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- 5GS Mobility Management Information
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* - 123
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- 5G Security Parameters
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* - 124
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- Subscription identifier privacy support
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* - 125
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- SUCI calculation by the USIM
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* - 126
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- UAC Access Identities support
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* - 129
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- 5GS Operator PLMN List
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If you’d like to enable/disable any UST service:
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> ust_service_deactivate 124
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> ust_service_activate 124
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> ust_service_deactivate 125
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In this case, UST Service 124 is already enabled and you’re good to go. The
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sysmoISIM-SJA2 does not support on-SIM calculation, so service 125 must
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be disabled.
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USIM Error with 5G and sysmoISIM
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--------------------------------
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sysmoISIM-SJA2 come 5GS-enabled. By default however, the configuration stored
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in the card file-system is **not valid** for 5G networks: Service 124 is enabled,
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but EF.SUCI_Calc_Info and EF.Routing_Indicator are empty files (hence
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do not contain valid data).
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At least for Qualcomm’s X55 modem, this results in an USIM error and the
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whole modem shutting 5G down. If you don’t need SUCI concealment but the
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smartphone refuses to connect to any 5G network, try to disable the UST
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service 124.
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sysmoISIM-SJA5 are shipped with a more forgiving default, with valid EF.Routing_Indicator
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contents and disabled Service 124
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SUCI calculation by the USIM
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The SUCI calculation can also be performed by the USIM application on the UICC
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directly. The UE then uses the GET IDENTITY command (see also 3GPP TS 31.102,
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section 7.5) to retrieve a SUCI value.
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The sysmoISIM-SJA5-S17 supports *SUCI calculation by the USIM*. The configuration
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is not much different to the above described configuration of *SUCI calculation
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in the UE*.
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The main difference is how the key provisioning is done. When the SUCI
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calculation is done by the USIM, then the key material is not accessed by the
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UE. The specification (see also 3GPP TS 31.102, section 7.5.1.1), also does not
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specify any file or file format to store the key material. This means the exact
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way to perform the key provisioning is an implementation detail of the USIM
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card application.
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In the case of sysmoISIM-SJA5-S17, the key material for *SUCI calculation by the USIM* is stored in
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`ADF.USIM/DF.SAIP/EF.SUCI_Calc_Info` (**not** in `ADF.USIM/DF.5GS/EF.SUCI_Calc_Info`!).
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select MF
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pySIM-shell (00:MF)> select ADF.USIM
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM)> select DF.SAIP
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/DF.SAIP)> select EF.SUCI_Calc_Info
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The file format is exactly the same as specified in 3GPP TS 31.102, section
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4.4.11.8. This means the above described key provisioning procedure can be
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applied without any changes, except that the file location is different.
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To signal to the UE that the USIM is setup up for SUCI calculation, service
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125 must be enabled in addition to service 124 (see also 3GPP TS 31.102,
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section 5.3.48)
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::
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> ust_service_activate 124
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pySIM-shell (00:MF/ADF.USIM/EF.UST)> ust_service_activate 125
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To verify that the SUCI calculation works as expected, it is possible to issue
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a GET IDENTITY command using pySim-shell:
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::
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select ADF.USIM
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get_identity
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The USIM should then return a SUCI TLV Data object that looks like this:
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::
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SUCI TLV Data Object: 0199f90717ff021b027a2c58ce1c6b89df088a9eb4d242596dd75746bb5f3503d2cf58a7461e4fd106e205c86f76544e9d732226a4e1
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